The ultimate stage of flight is landing, when the aircraft lands on the ground. An airplane or spacecraft makes a hard landing when it lands with more vertical speed and force than in a normal landing. 

The crew should classify any vertical speed in landing greater than 2 meters per second (6.6 feet per second) as hard. It is difficult and not recommended to make a hard landing judgement based solely on recorded acceleration values.

Weather conditions, mechanical issues, an overweight aircraft, a pilot’s decision or error can all contribute to hard landings. In contrast to an uncontrolled descent into terrain (a crash), the term “hard landing” typically suggests that the pilot still has complete or partial control over the aircraft.

Hard landings can result in many consequences such as discomfort for the passengers, vehicle ᴅᴀᴍᴀɢᴇ, structural failure, injuries or fatalities. If not done safely or correctly, hard landings can seriously harm aircraft. Before its next flight, an aircraft that has experienced a hard landing must be assessed for ᴅᴀᴍᴀɢᴇ.

The video below is top 10 hard landings with some aircrafts such as Airbus A380, Boeing 747, Antonov AN124:

Source: Cargospotter

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